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Human beings are expected to obtain perfect new energy from the moon in the future editor's note: Although human beings have explored the huge business opportunities of lunar renewable plastic granulator equipment manufacturers. At present, the recycling rate of waste plastics in China is not high for many times, and a large number of data have been obtained, there is still a long process to establish a base on the moon and actually develop and utilize lunar resources and environment

at present, nuclear energy utilization is mainly based on nuclear fission technology. A larger nucleus splits into several smaller nuclei, releasing huge energy at the same time. In fact, there is another technology for the use of nuclear energy, namely fusion. The fusion process will also release huge energy. So far, the nuclear fusion reactor officially put into commercial operation has not appeared. However, an international nuclear fusion research project, the international thermonuclear fusion experimental reactor (ITER), has been implemented in cadarache, France. In the prototype of ITER, nuclear reaction is actually the fusion reaction of two isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium and tritium. There are many problems in deuterium and tritium fusion reactors. Firstly, tritium radiation is strong and harmful; Secondly, tritium is one of the important components of nuclear weapons, which must be used carefully; Third, deuterium and tritium fusion reactors may emit a large number of high-energy neutrons, causing structural damage to the reactor

therefore, Gerald kurzinski and other scientists strongly suggest that human beings should use non radioactive helium-3 to replace tritium. The biggest advantage of using helium-3 is that it can minimize the number of high-energy neutrons, reduce the intensity of nuclear radiation and simplify the engineering complexity. Since helium-3 has such advantages, why has it not attracted the attention of scientists? The reason is that helium-3 is very rare on earth. Only a small part is also a by-product extracted from nuclear weapons. Originally, sunlight contains a lot of helium-3. However, the earth's magnetic field turns these helium-3 particles away. This phenomenon will not appear on the moon. It is estimated that in 4.5 billion years, the moon has absorbed a total of 1 million to 5 million tons of helium-3 from sunlight. The proportion of helium-3 in lunar rocks is about 10 to 20 parts per billion. This data shows that extracting a ton of helium-3 requires hundreds of millions of tons of lunar soil or rock. However, with the same power generation capacity, the cost of using lunar energy helium-3 is only 10% of the current power generation cost of nuclear power plants, and the extraction of helium-3 is an extremely complex process. People first need to heat the lunar soil to more than 700 degrees Celsius before they can extract helium-3 from it. Kurzinski plans to use a lunar rover to collect soil from the lunar surface, while focusing solar energy for heating and extraction. Of course, the whole process needs to pay a high price. Since 100 tons of nuclear fuel helium-3 can meet the energy needs of the earth for a whole year, even if the moon contains about 1million tons of helium-3, it can meet the global power needs for thousands of years. Russian scientists believe that every kilogram of helium-3 burned can produce 19 megawatts of energy, enough for Moscow to use for more than six years. American Aerospace experts pointed out that 20 tons of liquefied helium-3 can be transported back and forth with the space shuttle, which is enough to supply the electricity needed by the United States for a year. There are still many problems to be solved in developing and transporting energy on the moon. For example, to realize the transportation of people and goods between the moon and the earth, we must first have a carrier rocket with sufficient thrust. In addition, to land on the surface of the moon without atmospheric parcels, we can only rely on the reverse thrust rocket to cushion. How to ensure safety is a big problem

how to use helium-3 after successful extraction? This is also a technical problem. The combustion of helium-3 to meet the needs of customers requires a higher initial energy than the combustion of hydrogen isotopes, which requires these surfaces to have as little resistance as possible between the device and the internal tissue/artery. This is also the reason why ITER does not use helium-3 as fuel. However, kurchinsky plans to use a completely different technology to realize the fusion reaction, namely the so-called "inertial electrostatic confinement" (IEC) technology. IEC technology uses electric field to aggregate high-speed moving nucleons together, which can effectively limit the leakage of nucleons. Kurchinsky's nuclear fusion reaction is limited to laboratory prototypes. At least so far, the nuclear fusion reactor using IEC technology has invested much more energy than the generated energy, and the actual benefit is not high. Therefore, many researchers believe that helium-3 is not the preferred fuel for nuclear fusion reactions

however, helium-3 may become one of the important energy sources of the earth in the next century

but scientists also said that although humans have explored the moon many times and obtained a large amount of data, there is still a long process to establish a base on the moon and actually develop and utilize the lunar resources and environment. Scientists from all countries firmly control the high-tech development direction of "functionalization, lightweight, ecology and micro molding". Scientists are quietly carrying out relevant research on the storage, mining, purification, transportation and lunar environmental protection of helium-3 on the moon, but they believe that it is difficult to make breakthrough progress within a few years